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total (1)
NAME
SYNOPSIS
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total [ -m ][ -sE | -p |
-u | -l ][ -tC ][ -N [ -r
]] [ file .. ] |
DESCRIPTION
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Total sums up columns of real numbers from one or
more files and prints out the result on its standard
output. |
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By default, total computes the straigt sum of each
input column, but multiplication can be specified instead
with the -p option. Likewise, the -u option
means find the upper limit (maximum), and -l means
find the lower limit (minimum). |
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Sums of powers can be computed by giving an exponent with
the -s option. (Note that there is no space between
the -s and the exponent.) This exponent can be any
real number, positive or negative. The absolute value of the
input is always taken before the power is computed in order
to avoid complex results. Thus, -s1 will produce a
sum of absolute values. The default power (zero) is
interpreted as a straight sum without taking absolute
values. |
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The -m option can be used to compute the mean rather
than the total. For sums, the arithmetic mean is computed.
For products, the geometric mean is computed. (A logarithmic
sum of absolute values is used to avoid overflow, and zero
values are silently ignored.) |
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A count can be given as the number of lines to read before
computing a result. By default, total reads each file
to its end before producing its result, but the -N
option (where N is a decimal integer) tells total to
produce a result and reset the calculation after every N
input lines. In addition, the -r option can be
specified to override reinitialization and thus give a
running total every N lines. If the end of file is reached,
the current total is printed and the calculation is reset
before the next file (with or without the -r
option). |
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The -tC option can be used to specify the input and
output tab character. The default tab character is
TAB. |
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If no files are given, the standard input is
read. |
EXAMPLE
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To compute the RMS value of colon-separated columns in a
file: |
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To produce a running product of values from a
file: |
BUGS
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If the input files have varying numbers of columns, mean
values will certainly be off. Total will ignore
missing column entries if the tab separator is a non-white
character, but cannot tell where a missing column should
have been if the tab character is white. |
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
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